Nelson mandela Outline Essay Example For Students

Nelson mandela Outline Essay l. Introduction A. Attention-Getter: It always seems impossible until its done. -Nelson Mandela B. Present Topic: Nelson Mandela wasnt Just any man, he was an inspiring man. Nelson Mandela became the first black president of South Africa in 1994, serving until 1999. A symbol of global peacemaking, he won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. C. Establish Significance: Nelson Mandela was a great man, most say a hero. I knew he was a hero when I first heard his quote saying, It is better to lead from behind and to put others n front, especially when you celebrate victory when nice things occur. You take the front line when there is danger. Then people will appreciate your leadership. Nelson Mandela D. My Opposition: I encourage everybody who doesnt know much about nelson Mandela to do some research on him and keep reading about his life and his accomplishments to see why he is such a factor in the world today. E. Preview Main Points: I feel that it is essential that people in this world know who Nelson Mandela is and what he did for the world. Nelson Mandela didnt use violence to get his point across or to hurt people. He used his words and his knowledge to educate people. He was a peacemaker more than anything. II. Body A. Reading about Mandela can help you understand human forgiveness: 1. Its many reasons why and how Mandela can help you understand human forgiveness. Mandela has plenty of quotes that can help any person with forgiveness. 2. He also is a powerful persuasive speaker and Just listening to his words of wisdom can help hange someones look on life and forgiveness. B. Reading about Mandela can make the world better: 1. If we all educate ourselves about Mandela and his look on life and forgiveness then we would be able to spread our knowledge to other family and friends about him which can help make a change in the world. 2. If we all can be on one accord in the world it would make life so much easier to live knowing that we the people can work things out with words and not violence. C. Lets think about what this will do for our society: 1. If we all can Just do our part in educating ourselves and others about Mandela and his legacy I think that people wouldnt have to look over their shoulders as much as now because they are so afraid of being physically violated. If we Just use Mandelas way of fixing problems the world would immediately be changed as a whole. 2. Just think about it, everybody talking out situations would make the worlds murder rate drop tremendously. Ill. Conclusion: A. The 3 main points that I talked about was, How can reading about Mandela help nderstand human forgiveness? How can reading about Mandela make the world better? And what this will do for our society? B. If you want to inform yourself more on Nelson Mandela and his accomplishments you can 1. Read the book Long Walk To Freedom by Nelson Mandela 2. Read about Mandelas biography 3. You can even Google some of his quotes. C. Finality/Clincher: A good leader can engage in a debate frankly and thoroughly, knowing that at the that idea when you are arrogant, superficial, and uninformed. -Nelson Mandela

The Wreck of the Batavia essays

The Wreck of the Batavia essays On October 28 1628 the Batavia set sail from Texel in the Netherlands on her maiden journey to Batavia, now called Jakarta, in the Dutch Colonies of Indonesia. Seven other ships of various sizes accompanied her. Francesco Pelsaert, a senior merchant, commanded the Batavia. The skipper of the ship was Ariaen Jacobsz and he did not approve of having a merchant commanding the flagship. These two men were old enemies from a previous journey. It took eight months to reach the Cape of Good Hope and the Batavia arrived with only two other ships because bad weather had split up the convoy. Once there the skipper ended up in a fight aboard one of the other ships. The skipper was publicly humiliated by Pelsaert, which made Jacobsz despise the commodore even more. Soon after this, Jeronimus Cornelius, the skippers new companion, suggested mutiny to the Skipper. The plan was, with a handful of Corneliuss and Jacobszs trusted men, it would be possible to seize the ship, kill the soldiers, throw Pelsaert overboard and take the ship and its bounty. Before the mutiny could take place the Batavia ran aground on the Houtman Abrolhos, an Archipelago of the coast of Western Australia. About forty people died and the rest were loaded on to nearby islands. Pelsaert and Jacobsz knew they were in trouble and took the ships two boats and set sail for Batavia to find help. The people left behind had no water and hardly any food, although the water was replenished from rain about a week later. Now the passengers and crew were left on the island with none other than Jeronimus Cornelius and his mutineers. Jeronimus, as it would turn out, was actually a psychotic killer very able to manipulate people. Cornelius, being the most senior in command left, sent the soldiers to a nearby island in search of water although he was actually hoping they would die. Cornelius made sure they left their weapons behind. He also divided up the rest o ...

4 Popular Camel Spider Myths and the Truth Behind Them

4 Popular Camel Spider Myths and the Truth Behind Them SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You’ve no doubt seen pictures of camel spiders before, usually accompanied by a story about deadly bites, camel eating, or chasing people across the desert. Thanks to chain letters, camel spiders have a reputation as being fearsome, terrifying predators- but is that warranted? In this article, we’ll be covering the facts and fictions of camel spiders, including where they’re found and what they eat, as well as some biological information about how camel spiders fit into their environment. Read on to learn more about camel spiders! JonRichfield/Wikimedia Commons What’s a Camel Spider? Whether you love the Arachnida class or you’d prefer to never see them again, camel spiders, or Solifugae, are pretty intimidating. Part of that comes from their many names- they’re commonly called camel spiders, but also wind scorpions or sun spiders. Anything that can be called either a spider or a scorpion is bound to look a little off-putting, and Solifugae’s long body, many legs, and large fangs certainly don’t help its reputation. In fact, Solifugae are neither true spiders nor true scorpions. Unlike scorpions, they have no tails, and unlike spiders, they do not belong to the order Araneae and lack spinnerets and silk, though they are arachnids. They vary in size, with body lengths usually falling between 2 inches and 3 inches, though their legs can be several inches long, making them look even larger. They also have what appears to be a fifth set of legs, called pedipalps, that work something like antennae. Pedipalps aren’t used for walking, but do aid in locomotion as they help detect obstacles and food. Camel spiders are often associated with Middle Eastern deserts thanks to popular chain letters that began circulating during the Persian Gulf War and the Iraq War. However, that’s not quite accurate- camel spiders have a much wider habitat than most people would care to think about! Where Do Camel Spiders Live? Camel Spiders do live in the deserts of the Middle East, but they also live in a whole lot of other deserts, as well. In fact, they can be found everywhere on earth except Australia and Antarctica. It’s not a surprise that camel spiders can’t be found in Antarctica, but why not Australia? Unfortunately, it’s hard to say- observing solifugids in the wild is quite difficult, and they don’t survive well in captivity. This makes them exceedingly difficult to study. Camel spiders prefer desert biomes, but can also be found in everything from scrub to forests. Because there are some 1,100 subspecies of Solifugae, there’s quite a lot of variance in where they appear and what they eat. JonRichfield/Wikimedia Commons What Do Camel Spiders Eat? So what do camel spiders eat? Is it camels? Humans? Well, it’s a little bit of everything. Camel spiders are carnivorous or omnivorous, so pretty much anything is on the table. This is especially true because camel spiders, unlike many similar creatures, don’t just spin a web and wait for prey to come to them. Solifugids are hunters. They run, and they run fast- about 10 miles per hour. Their speed means they can eat everything from small insects to lizards, birds, and rodents depending on availability. Camel spiders use their chelicerae, a scientific name for the jaws of the arthropod group Chelicerata, to cut into prey. Their chelicerae function similar to a crab’s pincers, allowing camel spiders to do everything from shearing feathers to cutting through bone. However, it’s important to note that, while fast and strong, camel spiders primarily hunt for food that is only a bit bigger than they are. They don’t have venom of any kind, and though their bites can be painful (their chelicerae are no joke), they are simply not equipped for consuming large, strong prey, including camels and humans. Braboowi/Wikimedia Commons Common Myths About Camel Spiders One of the primary sources for interest in camel spiders comes from a chain letter circulated in the early 90s and again toward the beginning of the Iraq War, which reads: From someone stationed in Baghdad. He was recently bitten by a camel spider which was hiding in his sleeping bag. I thought you’d like to see what a camel spider looks like. It’ll give you a better idea of what our troops are dealing with. Enclosed is a picture of his friend holding up two spiders. Warning: not for the squeamish! This picture is a perfect example of why you don’t want to go to the desert. These are 2 of the biggest I’ve ever seen. With a vertical leap that would make a pro basketball player weep with envy (they have to be able to jump up on to a camels stomach after all), they latch on and inject you with a local anesthesia so you can’t feel it feeding on you. They eat flesh, not just suck out your juices like a normal spider. I’m gonna be having nightmares after seeing this photo! Is any of this true? Should we really be fearing that camel spiders are going to creep up on people while they’re sleeping, numb them, and eat their flesh? Let’s take a look at some of the most prominent things people believe about camel spiders and whether or not they’re accurate. Myth 1: Camel Spiders Are Huge Camel spiders aren’t small- they range in size from two to three inches in the body, plus several inches of legs- but many famous photos of the creatures often make them look as if they’re more like a foot or so in length. This kind of trickery can be accomplished with careful positioning, making it look as though a camel spider is the same size as a human leg when in fact it is just a few inches long. Myth 2: Camel Spiders Are So Named Because They Eat Camels According to urban legend, camel spiders are particularly frightening spiders that jump up, grab a camel’s belly, inject them with a numbing venom, and eat chunks from their bodies. Naturally, this horrific story could also happen to people. However, almost none of this is true. Camel spiders don’t jump, as they have no need to- their pedipalps seek out prey in front of them, which is more than sufficient in keeping them fed. Since they don’t jump, they definitely don’t cling to a camel’s body. But could one inject venom into a sleeping camel? Nope, because camel spiders don’t have any venom. Their jaws do more than enough to keep them fed. Though they are hunters, they primarily hunt things that are around their size or slightly smaller, and their chelicerae are quite capable of killing and cutting prey on their own. Once food has been chopped up, it’s liquified and eaten. So in a sense, that last part of the myth- that camel spiders eat chunks of flesh- is sort of true, but there’s no jumping, no venom, and no camels involved. Myth 3: Camel Spiders Chase People As previously mentioned, camel spiders are fast. But as we know, camel spiders don’t eat people and therefore have no real reason to chase them. So why might a camel spider be seen to chase a human anyway? Camel spiders are nocturnal. Desert nights are cooler, and camel spiders do their hunting at night. If you see a camel spider out in the day, it’s probably looking for shade- something a human can offer through its shadow. That’s why it may look as though a camel spider is chasing a person. It might run after a human, pausing when the human pauses, in search of cool shade. Myth 4: Camel Spiders Scream as They Chase People We’ve already established that camel spiders might follow people to stay in the shade of their shadow, but â€Å"chasing† isn’t quite accurate. It should be no surprise that the claim that they scream as they’re chasing people is also false. Camel spiders may stridulate- rubbing together two body parts to produce a sound- but do not actually scream. Stridulation may produce a buzzing or hissing sound, but not a scream. It’s all an urban legend! What’s Next? If you find camel spider biology interesting, AP biology may be the class for you! Take a look through the AP biology syllabus to see if it interests you. Does your spider interest extend beyond camel spiders? Learn about garden spiders and why most people don't need to worry about them here. Need some help studying for AP biology? These AP biology notes can help you out! Whether you just like to gross people out a little bit or you need to calm down after looking at all those camel spider facts, this slime recipe might be exactly what you need.

Wester Civilization II paper #4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Wester Civilization II paper #4 - Essay Example stronomy and, after much deliberation, he presented a heliocentric world view: the sun was the centre around which the earth and other planets revolved. Brahe, in his turn, made observations through a large observatory; after observing a nova and a comet, he also decided that the old world view was incorrect. However, he propounded that all the planets except the earth moved around the sun and that these, in turn, moved around the earth. Kepler, who was Brahe’s student, took his teacher’s research further and made findings that supported a heliocentric view of the solar system. It was, however, Galileo who, by observing the galaxy through his telescope and coming to the conclusion that the stellar bodies did not move around the earth, popularized the Copernican theory. The Roman Catholic Church did not pay much attention to Copernicus, as they did not think his findings could damage their worldview. When the Church saw Copernican heliocentric theory being promoted and popularized in the masses by Galileo, it warned him to abstain and later forced him to recant. The Church held the doctrine that the earth was the centre of the universe, both physically and spiritually; the new scientific discoveries laid false this theory and were in direct contrast to the scriptures, that is why the Church felt threatened by their dissemination. The Hermetic beliefs stipulated that there was a universal spirit present in all objects, and that this universal spirit was evident therein. This belief was also held by Kepler, and it was because of it that Kepler studied planetary motion – so that he could discover a unifying spirit. Moreover, Paracelsus was an alchemist, and he built his theories upon the ideas stipulated by the ideas propounded by alchemy. He theorized that all matter was made up of three principles – salt, sulfur and mercury – as opposed to earth, fire, water and air as traditional alchemy laid down. He also digressed from traditional alchemy by denying

Film Treatment about the boston bombing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film Treatment about the boston bombing - Essay Example After he finishes his shower, David puts on a small short and vest before dressing into a track suit, he then goes to the kitchen in order to make waffles for breakfast. While preparing his breakfast, he switches own his flat screen TV where he notices all the channels are talking about the Boston marathon that is being held on the same day. While he is having his breakfast, he hears a knock at the door and on opening the door he is hugged by his best friend Chris who asks him if his ready to win the prize money and start a fund for young boys who are suffering from leukemia. David shouts â€Å"hell yeah† while he welcomes Chris in with a glass of juice and a piece of waffle. Chris is also dressed in a track suit only that his is made up of the national flag of the United States of America. Both Chris and David are intending to take part in the Boston marathon and win the prize money which they will use to establish a fund for boys who are battling with leukemia. Chris tells D avid to harry up since the marathon is expect to begin at around 9.00 am hence they needed about an hour to stretch in preparation for the huge task ahead. David grabs two bottles of water and locks the door as they leave his apartment. While they are on the lift Chris reminds David to show up at the library later in the evening so as to study for the continuous assessment test that they had the following day. At the lobby, they meet up with their class mates June and Lee who have come to give them support in their efforts to win the Boston marathon. Lee tells David and Chris that they will wait for them near the finish line since they are sure that one of them will win the prize money. June shows them a cheque for 1000 dollars and tells them that she will put the money in the medical fund the two wish to start for leukemia patients. The second scene begins at the starting line of the Boston marathon where participants are getting ready for the race to begin. David notices 6 Kenyan and 4 Ethiopian athletes who he recognized from a feature he had seen on ESPN naming them as the best athletes who might win the race. In his mind, he tells himself that if he keeps up with the ten athletes then he is sure that he will cross the finish line among the top three finishers. He whispers to Chris that they make sure that they run parallel to the Kenyan and Ethiopian athletes then they will be able to finish the race among the top three. Te ace starts and after about two hours time their approach seems not to have worked since both the Kenyan and Ethiopian athletes are both nowhere to be seen. Despite the fact that they are sure that they will not be able to finish the race David urges Smith to be strong for them to at least finish the race. After about thirty minutes, both Chris and David could see the finish line since it was about a quarter mile away. They both smiled and held hand as they ran towards the finish line. In just after 5 minutes David hears a loud explosio n and sees that it comes from the finish line. After about two seconds he hears a second explosion which makes him deaf for about five seconds. When David’s hearing comes back, he hears a lot of screams and sirens form government vehicles. Act Two David is so scared that his heart is pounding against his chest. He looks at Chris

General Kornilovs Attempt to Seize Power in 1917

General Kornilovs Attempt to Seize Power in 1917 Why had General Kornilovs attempt to seize power in 1917 not been successful? The Prelude to Bolshevism: The Kornilov Rebellion[1] is the title of one of the books written by Alexander Fyodorovich Kerensky. From the title alone it shows Kornilovs view which are shared by many others that the Kornilov affair has accelerated the Bolshevik seizure of power[2]. The Kornilov affair officially started on 27th August / 09th September 1917, when the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Army, General Lavr Georgiyevich Kornilov, brought a troops to Petrograd although he had been dismissed by Alexander Kerensky, the head of the Provisional Government at the time[3]. The Kornilov Affair is regarded by many historians as one of the turning points in the rise of Bolshevik Party after a short slump after July Days and consequently towards the event in October 1917. After the Kornilov affair, the Bolshevik Party aligned with various members of society and gaining their supports in assisting to toppling the already crippled Provisional Government. Despite its importance, the affair (which also referred as a coup detat or a revolt) is historically unclear different interpretations but with no concrete evidences. The accounts contradicted with each other and this led to historical debates which were dominantly discussed the different arguments brought up by Abraham Ascher and Lenoid Strakhovsky. Ascher is highly critical on Kornilov, stating that he conspired to take the power as part of his ambitious plan; whereas Strakhovsky challenged this by arguing that Kerensky had staged this whole affair and betrayed Kornilovs goodwill to prevent Bolshevism from taking root.[4] Both have used Kornilovs dismissal by Kerensky as a justification for their action the former argues that by refusing to accept the dismissal it was a proof to Kerenskys suspicion[5]. The latter, on the other hand, sympathises Kornilovs assumption that Kerensky had been influenced by the Soviet and it was his duty to protect Russia.[6] Aside from these two, a so mewhat completely different from the previous two, where they are not the main actor: it stemmed out from a misunderstanding with the former Procurator of the Holy Synod, V.N. Lvovs involvement[7], Kornilov claimed that Kerensky through Lvov offered choices of who should be in power[8], whereas Lvov claimed that Kornilov ordered him to tell Kerensky his demand for military dictatorship[9]. Lvovs real involvement is still debated. The more balanced interpretation by Harvey Asher, suggests that Kornilov was convinced that the government supported his march after several people had visited him including Lvov. Moreover, Asher suggests that they conspired together to restore peoples trust towards the government, although Kerensky later pulled out.[10] These debates show partly the existing tension and division between the two actors which led to the failure of the coup. These tensions were an open opportunity for the Bolshevik Party could exploit especially when Kerensky appealed to the Petrograd Soviet to defend the capital. This led to the physical reason for this failure: the quick mass mobilisation by the Bolshevik Party. It could be regarded as a mistake made by Kerensky as the rearmament of the Bolshevik Military Organisation would led to his and the Provisional Government downfall later in October. His fear of being overthrown by Kornilov a person who he had been having quarrel with[11] and a right-wing[12] and his will to elevate Provisional Governments reputation[13] might have clouded his judgement. The lack of trust and doubt amongst each other Kerenskys failure to read the mood of the situation he was in and overestimating his and general disorganisation were also the reasons for the coups failure. Despite being favo ured as the victor[14], Kornilov lost and subsequently met his death when he participated in the Civil War against the Bolsheviks. The Kornilov Affair was triggered when Lvov came to Kerensky and demanded for the transfer of power to Kornilov. The whole narration is long, which partly has been mentioned previously, however, it shows the general mechanism in the government and their personalities. Miscommunication, distribution of power, lack of confidence and distrust with each other and different groups supporting different people for their own ambitions are all highlighted. First, the miscommunication. Just after hearing from Lvov that he was suited to be a military dictator, Kerensky quickly announced Kornilov for a military coup against the government for fear that he might be removed from the power[15]. Kornilov claimed to be acting on Kerenskys instruction; Kerensky painted Kornilov as a counter-revolutionary who wanted to a dictator. Although, there is some evidence stating that Kerensky regretted his dismissals and hesitate to brand Kornilov as a traitor. In fact, there was an attempt to try to negotiate with Kornilov, albeit he was under pressure. However, unknown to them, Nekrasov had dispatched the message and it was too late for them when they realised about this.[16] These misunderstandings and lack of cohesion certainly shows existing fractures in the Provisional Government which led to the downfall of both sides. Nekrasovs action, albeit there was an attempt to delay the declaration, removed any chance for reconciliation. Lack of further co mmunication, whether it was for confirmation or negotiation, were noticeable. For example, instead of asking Kornilov after Alekseev sent him the note, Krymov went directly to Kerensky and stopped the troop from advancing. There was also the telecommunication between Kerensky and Kornilov over Hughes Apparatus where the conversation appears to be vague and no direct confrontation.[17] Some historians believed that Kerensky was trying to remove Kornilov quietly.[18] Instead of working together and worked their differences, they were more focus on removing each other. This might have been due to their prior clash in regards to capital and corporal punishment in the army to name a few[19]. In regards to Lvov, it seems unlikely that Kerensky explicitly instructed Kornilov to march troops into Petrograd and given him the choices: where one of them was that Kornilov would be a dictator[20]. Although it seems to be benefited Kerensky, he was probably no more trusting of Kornilov than others. Bringing in Kornilovs army into Petrograd would risk of military counter-revolution. It is still unclear how Lvovs and Kornilovs claims differed from each other. As mentioned earlier, nearing the peak of the affair in the end of August, people were positive that Kornilovs troop would win: his generals, landowners[21], large officers union, the Cossacks and the increase in Stock Exchange.[22] Considering that majority of the High Command sympathised with Kornilov[23] and his previous meetings with different people giving supports, it is not surprising when Kornilov was confident that his march would be a successful coup. However, not all of these groups were supportive of his plan. Earlier on, there was already opposition against Kornilov. Moscow Military District, Colonel Verkhovsky, expressed his support towards the government and distanced himself from Kornilov. There was also wariness amongst people in Stavka where they saw little chance in his march into Petrograd.[24] Only some of the professional soldiers believed in this advance, but many were not dedicated in trying to assist Kornilov. Moreover, with the denunciation calling Kornilov as a traitor made by Kerensky had further convince them to distance themselves from the affair avoiding from being purged together with Kornilov if the affair had gone to different turn.[25] Kornilovs deliberate military plan collapsed. Between the 30th and 31st, the Third Cavalry Corps which was supposed to crush the soviets[26] did not arrive. Kerensky ordered General Alekseev to send a note to General Krymov that there was no Bolshevik uprising as predicted by Kornilov and consequently, he halted their advance into the capital. The generals of the troops General Krymov and Denikin were also cornered by their own troops and reluctantly had to surrender with the former shot himself[27]. Similarly, the troops also deserted after hearing that there was no uprising. The generals and Kornilov kept the soldiers in the dark in what they were actually fighting for only be told that they were there to fight against the Bolsheviks[28] which led to further decline in supports. The foundation of the coup was still not concrete and arguably the timing was a miss. Kornilov had failed to see the mood and the political situation at the time. The troops saw Kornilov as someone who reintroduced capital punishment death penalty and attempted to counter the revolution. Thus, after hearing that there were no Bolshevik uprisings and Kerenskys declaration of Kornilov as a traitor, mutinies soon broke out with some divisions pledged themselves to the cause of revolution the Bolsheviks. They helped other workers and prevented the remaining troops from marching and arrested anyone who was in favour of Kornilov.[29] These miscalculations and disorganised troops are highly dissimilar from the mass mobilisation by the Bolsheviks and the workers. Although, mass mobilisation against Kornilov by the Bolsheviks had been debated whether it was spontaneous or a completely organised deployment, this mobilisation had completely stumped Kornilovs effort. Kerensky appealed to Petrograd Soviet to stop Kornilov and defend the city (at the same time shows a weakness of the Provisional Government) led to the rearmament of Military Organisation which were both consisted of Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. Mass meetings were also conducted to discuss their plan against Kornilov in addition to a demand for the release of July Days Bolshevik prisoners. The demand was conceded and prisoners including Trotsky was free. These would be important later a couple month after. A committee was set up to defend the city, Committee for the Peoples Struggle against Counter Revolution[30]. This includes erecting fortifications around the city and barbed wires[31]. The Soviet was also involved in coordinating the distribution of weaponry and conducted searches a nd arrested anyone who was suspected to be counter-revolutionaries. Committees at province level were also created. This was to set up networks of communication between provinces[32]. Red Guards were created of mainly of left SR sympathisers and Bolsheviks and armed with many were trained by the [33]Military Organisations from a possible assault. These two organisations were overseen by Inter-District Conference of Petrograd Local Soviets. As shown, in comparison to the lacklustre that of Kornilovs military troops, the Soviets gradually created a working strings of groups. Moreover, agitators managed to infiltrate Kornilovs troops and persuaded them to desert the advance, coupled with Kerenskys declaration. They also cooperated with the telegraph and railway workers[34] which further disorganised Kornilovs effort. On the communication side, any suspicious telegraphs were supposed to be redirected whereas on the transportation side, they were instructed to make chaos. They destroyed railway tracks and sabotage communications. As results, the troops were moving on the wrong roads, arrived at wrong places, only some of the units got dispatched and many of the soldiers were separated from their commanders, and loss of communications with their units in short, confusion and disorder.[35] With these confusion, the movement had collapsed. The Red Guards managed to disable the coup without firing a single bullet and bloodshed; except for few murder of counter-revolutionaries[36]. Thus, shedding positive light onto the Bolshevik Party as the saviours and the p rotectors of the revolution. Consequently, this resulted in a large increase of support. Kornilov and other thirty army officers which were believed to conspire together, were incarcerated in the Bykhov Fortress. After the October event, Kornilov managed to escape and establish the Volunteer Army which later fought against the Bolsheviks during the Civil War; where he was killed. Although Kerensky did not contribute and directly involved, Kerensky still insisted of being a protector of Revolution.[37] Kornilov did not gain anything from this whole affair, more people supported the Left, he was removed and the Right was shaken.[38] The main problem with his advance was the miscommunication between everyone involved that was later could be exploited by their common enemy. The victor of this whole but short affair was the Bolsheviks. The party revived and strengthened amidst the political chaos and distrust. On the other hand, Kerensky lost the military support. Although there are officer corps refused to join Kornilovs mutiny, they abhorred Kerenskys attitude towards their generals and growing distrust towards officer corps amongst the common soldiers. Thus increasing division between these two groups.[39] The revolt had radicalised the masses. The Soviet Press began with their propaganda and due to their policy of being a fighter against Kornilov but no association with the Provisional Government, they became popular. Therefore, coupled with the increasing support and gaining control over the Petrograd Soviet, the Provisional Government was further weakened and in October/November 1917, the Bolshevik Party seized the power off from the Provisional Government as the champion for the Soviets. Bibliography: Ascher, Abraham, The Kornilov Affair, The Russian Review, Vol. 12:4, (1953) Asher, Harvey, The Kornilov Affair: A Reinterpretation, The Russian Review, Vol. 29:3, (1970) Kerensky, Alexander, The Prelude to the Bolshevism: The Kornilov Rebellion, (London, 1919) Munck, Jorgen Larsen, Translated by Torben Keller, Schmidt, The Kornilov Revolt (Denmark, 1987) Strakhovsky, Leonoid, Was There a Kornilov Rebellion A Reapraisal of the Evidence, Slavonic and East European Review, vol. XXXIII:81 (1955) Sukhanov, Nikolai, Translated by Joel Carmichael, The Russian Revolution 1917, (London, 1955) White, James D, The Russian Revolution 1917-1920: A Short History, (New York, 1994) August 1917: Kornilovs Coup Fails http://www.socialistalternative.org/russian-revolution-1917/august-1917-kornilovs-coup-fails/ Socialist Alternatives http://www.socialistalternative.org/, Accessed on 01 December 2016 The Causes of the October Revolution http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/russia/october/revision/3/ BBC Higher Bitesize UK http://www.bbc.co.uk/ Accessed on 23 November 2016 [1] Alexander Kerensky, The Prelude to the Bolshevism: The Kornilov Rebellion, (London, 1919) [2] Abraham, Ascher, The Kornilov Affair, The Russian Review, Vol. 12:4, (1953) p. 235; Nikolai, Sukhanov, Translated by Joel Carmichael, Russian Revolution, (London, 1955) pp. 522-523; Harvey Asher, The Kornilov Affair: A Reinterpretation, The Russian Review, Vol. 29:3, (1970), p. 300 [3] Ibid, p. 235 [4] Ascher, The Kornilov Affair pp. 235-52; Leonoid, Strakhovsky, Was There a Kornilov Rebellion A Reapraisal of the Evidence, Slavonic and East European Review, vol. XXXIII:81 (1955), pp. 372-95, p. 372; Also mentioned in Jorgen Larsen, Munck, Translated by Torben Keller, Schmidt, The Kornilov Revolt (Denmark, 1987) pp. 11-13 [5] Ascher, The Kornilov Affair, pp. 247-28 [6] Asher, p. 287 [7] Munck, The Kornilov Affair, pp. 106-109 [8] Lukomskii, pp. 238-39; Munck, p. 107 [9] RD, pp. 428, 442; Munck, p. 108 [10] Asher, pp. 299-300 [11] James D, White, The Russian Revolution 1917-1920: A Short History, (New York, 1994), pp. 139-141 [12] Asher, p. 300 [13] Asher, p. 300 [14] Munck, p. 114 [15] Asher, p. 297 [16] Asher, The Kornilov Affair, p. 298 [17] Ibid, p. 296 [18] Asher, p. 297; Rabinowitch, pp. 124-5; Katkov, pp. 86-87 mentioned in Munck, p. 111 [19] White, p. 134 [20] Munck, p. 107 [21] The Kornilov Affair, p. 244-245 [22] Munck, p. 114 [23] Munck, p. 114; Kerensky, pp. 184-5 [24] White, The Russian Revolution, p. 147; Asher, p. 300 [25] White, The Russian Revolution, p. 147 [26] Ascher, The Kornilov Affair, p. 241 [27] The Kornilov Affair, p. 250 [28] Ibid, p. 250 [29] White, The Russian Revolution, p. 148; A. Wildman, Officers of the general staff and the Kornilov movement, in E.R. Frankel et. Al., eds., Revolution in Russia: Reassessments of 1917 (Cambridge, 1992), pp. 95-99 [30] White, The Russian Revolution, p. 149 [31]August 1917: Kornilovs Coup Fails http://www.socialistalternative.org/russian-revolution-1917/august-1917-kornilovs-coup-fails/ Socialist Alternatives http://www.socialistalternative.org/, Accessed on 01 December 2016 [32] White, The Russian Revolution, p. 149 [33] Munck, p. 117 [34] Ibid, p. 148; The Causes of the October Revolution http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/russia/october/revision/3/ BBC Higher Bitesize UK http://www.bbc.co.uk/ Accessed on 23 November 2016; Munck, p. 118 [35] White, The Russian Revolution, p. 147 [36] Munck, p. 115 [37] Munck, p. 119 [38] Munck, p. 121 [39] White, The Russian Revolution, p. 150; Munck, p. 121

Deutsche Brewery Question and Answer

1. What accounts for Deutsche Brauerei’s (DB) rapid growth in recent years? What strategic choices were made? The Ukraine account grow rapidly in the recent years. The strategic is just expanding, more focus on the sale/volume, not on how to turn the order to money. It can be understood that the local distributors need some policy support from DB, because they just start, still at the beginning of capitalization period. The current credit policy is applicable for the starting phase, but long term it needs to be adapted (e. g annual bounce on the pay on time accounts).Meanwhile because of fast expansion, more investments on the Assets in Ukraine is needed. The financial plan includes a 7 million euro investment in new plant and equipment for the Ukrainian operations in 2001, followed by a 6. 8 million euro investment in 2002 for a new Ukranian warehouse and distribution center. Which is reasonable, but need more detail plan/business case before make the decision. I would say, h alf of the amount should be financed by Ukraine team itself, if they are able to turn the account receivable to cash. 2.What is the credit policy for DB for distributors in the Ukraine? Why is it different from other sales? Is it appropriate (examine the business models in both instances). The credit policy for Ukranian distributors from 2 percent 10, net 40 to 2 percent 10, net 80 (clients could take a 2% discount if payment was made within 10 days of the invoice, otherwise payment was due in full within 80 days). The credit policy for Ukranian distributors differed because Ukrainian entrepreneurs, who are ambitious to grow but without support from the bank as in Germany.The credit policy for the Ukranian distributors is applicable, which can support the distributor to expand, buy new equipment, and required more time than usual to pay. Also is a good investment for DB to build up the relationship with the distributor and meanwhile invest for the futurn. But on the other hand, long payment turn cost bad cash flow. In Ex1, the account receivable increase a lot, which 3. Why does this profitable firm need increasing amounts of debt? If the company wants to expand, they need cash.It seems that DB is profitable, but because of the big account receivable, which cause actually cash tie-up. In order to still keep expanding, DB have to increasing amount of debt for investing. 4. Something about dividends: The quarterly dividend proposed is 698,000 euro, an amount equal to 25% of the projected 2001 dividends (2,793 k). However, this dividend increase is based on projected earnings, and several factors affect whether those earnings. Better to reserve a part of money till end of the year. . What should Greta do with respect to: the proposed raise for Pinchuk, the quarterly dividend and the financial plan for 2001? Regarding the credit policy for Ukranian distributors, Oleg argues that this process is profitable for the company. Actually, Ex1 in the base case shows accou nts receivables in the Ukraine increased 30% from 1999 to 2000, and is projected to increase for the next 2 years (50% then 30% based on the previous year). Having a large amount of money tied up in receivables is risky.My idea will be short the payment to 40 days, pay in 10 days will have even bigger discount 3-4%, meanwhile, if the account can pay all the bill on time (40 days), can get annul bounce (tbd). For the investment, I will be more careful, Although the data should the growth of sale and assent is not hand in hand. But because of the high debt/equity ratio, I will be more careful on the investment, avoid to have too high debt. We can try to work together with one or two local disctributors (e. g. Kiev, Odessa) to have JV project.About the dividends, I will maybe go for 60% of earning, which mean 15% of the projected annual dividends for the quarterly pay. Just in case, if the actual data is not as good as predicted data, we still have enough cash to run the business. 6. S ome observation of Ex4. Profitability: low return Leverage: high risk (high debt) Asset utilization: receiveables growth rate high longer payment. Difference between sale growth and asset growth. Sale Growth is much higher than assent growth, need to consider investment. Liquidity: short term financial commitment. Quick ratio is too high.